Fig. 1

MHC-I/-II high expression in CDK12 defective prostate cancer showed distinct transcriptome activity. a Transcriptome heatmap exhibiting clustering of top 50 DEGs in pPCa CDK12-Mut MHC-I High group (n = 30). The upper cluster (I) has IGHV and IGLV over-expressed genes linked to CDK12 MHC I high. The central clusters (II and III) have four HLA genes overexpressed in the MHC I high group, supporting our CDK12-mutated MHC expression classification. The lower cluster (IV) has 14 downregulated genes when MHC I is highly expressed. b Transcriptome heatmap exhibiting clustering of top 50 DEGs in the pPCa CDK12-Mut MHC-II High group (n = 23). The upper cluster (I) has upregulation of genes related to cytotoxicity, immune cell migration, and immune suppression. We could not observe clinical features associated with MHC I or II clusters. c Transcriptome heatmap exhibiting clustering of top 50 DEGs in the mCRPC CDK12-Mut MHC High group (n = 6). The combined MHC I and II showed two distinct clusters. The lower cluster showed the upregulation of genes linked to innate and adaptive immune response and CD4 + and CD8 + T cell activity. d Transcriptome heatmap exhibiting clustering of the DEGs from our validation cohort (FMRP). The DEGs are relative to the MHC-low ‘Low’ group. Clinical information is displayed on top of the heatmap for each patient. The color scale in the heatmap represents the Z-score of the normalized read counts for each gene, where the red scale indicates upregulated and blue low-expressed genes